Gas-engine.



C. M. LEEGH.

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 5, 1907.

914,292. Patented Mar. 2, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1. A?

Maxie; flMea/y G M. LEEGHQ GAS ENGINE.

APPLIUATION FILED rm. 5, 1907.

Patented Mar. 2, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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OHARLiEZS M. LFECE, OF LZMA, QHEO.

Specification of Letters Peteht. Fotented March 2, 1809. Application filed. February 5, 1907. Serial N0, 365,5528.

in surges.

Be it known that 1, CHARLES M. lie-1101i, e

v l 1 Ohio, have invented certain new and useiul I Improvements in Gas-Engines. cl which the following is a specificziiion This invention relates to new and useful improvements in gas engines and it has pertieulo-r reference to engines comprising independent explosion, con'ipression and crank clmmbers.

The invention aims as a primary object to provide in connection with on engine of the above type, ire-Wei means for cooling the engine cylinder and the piston, in wl'iich air is relied upon as the coolihg agent.

The invention aims as a further object to provide in connection with the elements above set forth, novel lubricatihg means including an oil pump, the plunger of which forms s port of the piston transmission of the engine per se and in which the crank case is reierehly utilized as on oil reservoir,

still another object of blue invention is to provide novel means for guiding and centering the piston of the engine in its movement and to preserve the proper alinemerit of the associated parts.

The invention sin-1s as a further object to provide in an engine of the two-cycle type, novel means for allowing of on increased ares-r of compression, such. means particularly residing in the novel features of construction of the piston, and compression chamber.

The detailed construction will appear in the course of the following description in which reference is had to the accompanying drawings forming a port of this specification,

like characters of reference designating sipiilar parts throughout the several views, V HG rem Figure 3-. represents a battery comprising two engines constructed in accordance with my invention and. eonuecied to the some crook shaft, oiie oi the engines being shown in front elevation and the other in central vertical section. Fig. is s central vertical section taken at right angles to 15;. showing the origins piston in its lowerrziost position. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3--3 of 2, illustrating in detail the construction of the air cooling is applied to the upper pars; f the some cylinder, end, Fig. 4 o horizontal section on the line =i-i of Fig, 2, illustmiing the I plug,

construction of the piston, compression chamber and valve controlled fuel passage between the compression chamber and the explosion charrrhcr. I

'loe engine constituted in the present invention comprises a casting 1 having an enlarged lO'Wi-Bl portion 3 forming the compression chamber and a reduced upper portion 23 forming the explosion chamber and having its exterior surface provided with radial vertical fins 4 for facilitating the circulation of air which is relied upon to cool the chemher 3. Said chamber is formed centrally of its upper portion with a boss 5 having; an internally threaded aperture 6 extending therethrough for the reception of a spark Surrounding the chamber is a jacket 7 which is spaced away from the edges of the 4, the lower edge oi said jeclrets resting on the shelf 8 afforded by the upper portion. of the compression chsiriher 2, and being helm'l from displacement by retaining flanges 9 provided on said shelf, and engaging said jacket as is best shown in Fig. 1. he jacket 7 is formed is its top with on opening 10 surrounding the boss 5 and affording on air admission and exhaux means. The chamber 3 at its upper end is provided. "with raised bosses 11 wronged at suitable intervals and d guest: to receive bolt and nut i'ssteiiings 12, by means of which the jacket T is iixed to said chamber.

The crank case is formed in two sewions, an upper section 13 and o lower section. 14. These sections are provided with confronting flanges 15 which are bolted together by fastening means 16. In their assembled relation, the s rtions l3 and 14, aside lrom their function oi constituting the crawl: case, eilord oil oil chmnher, the section 1% ochr provides with on oil drshi opening 17, which may be controlled by a suitable cool; (not shown). The section 13 its upper portion, is formed with e.- verticzil annular boss i8 which is threaded interns iv and externally, for COZEI'LGCQOR with the chamber Zeaid with or]. oil pump cylinder 19, ,pectivelv. The cylinder 19 projects into the char; he 2 and overlies the sir mid inlet port 1 provided at one side 01 said. chimiber.

ie sectioos l3 and i i are so shaped as to form a closed cylindrical crank Said sections ore recessed along the confronting edges of their side WeELllS to form centrally located heroin s-2i for the Y ower short of a sm le engine or of a battery. When a battery of .5 fastenings 25.

said apertures.

with an enlarged cylindrical lower end 35,-

45 upon the com ressionhead 31.

engines is employed, said power shaft is inclosed by upper and lower semi-annular members 23 having confronting flanges 24 and united to one another by bolt and nut The members 23 at their outer edges are provided with angular flanges 26 which are bolted by fastenings 27 to the adjacent crank cases on either side thereof.

The piston comprises a hollow cylindrical 30 body 28, the upper portion of which is confined within the explosion chamber .and packed by suitable rings 29, The piston 28 as a reduced upper head 30, against which the ignited exploding charge impinges and an 15 enlarged lower head 31 which is confined within the chamber 2 and is packed by rings 32. The heads 30 and 31 are a ertured centrally and receive therethroug the piston rod 33, which is threaded as at 34, through Said piston rod istormed which projects into the cylinder or barrel 19 and constitutes the plunger of the oil ump as above intimated. The plunger 35 as a central transverse bore within which is disposed a wrist pin 36, the-latter being fixed against rotation by set screws 37 threaded through the underneath face and frictionally enga ing said wrist pm as is shown in Fig. 1. T e shaft 22. within the.

crank case has a crank 38 which is connected by a pitman 39 with the wrist in 36, said pitman terminating at both en s in sleeves 40 which surround respective wrist pin 36 and crank 38 and which are packed by interposed cylindrical bushings 41.

As previously stated the jacket 7 has a v centre air admission and exhaust opening 10. The shelf 8, which forms the bottom of said jacket is provided with a plurality of openings 42, preferably disposed between the fins 4 and communicating with the upper part of the compression chamber 2. The air from the openings 42 impinges directly The piston 28 above sai' compressionhead is formed with openings 43, communicating with the interior thereof, whereby the air from the openings 42 may circulate therethrough and act upon the piston 28 with cooling effects,

both from the interior and exterior thereof.

As previously stated, the crank case constitutes an oil reservoir and in this relation forms one element of an automatic lubricating ump, the plunger 35 of which, as will be rea ily understood works coincidently with the piston 28. The compression chamber 2 is rovided at opposite sides with longitudina oil ducts 44, w rich at their up er ends are continued at an angle as at 45 eneath the.

openings 42 and which are desi ned to communicate with the openings 43 1;" the piston 28, when the latter is in its uppermost position, as shown in Fig. l. The oil ducts 44 are fed from an oil cup 44 located at one sideof of said plunger the casing, and communicating with one of said ducts at its upper. end and adjacent its angular portion 45. The reciprocation of the piston causes the upward and downward movement of its lower plunger'portion 35, within the barrel 19, which plunger causes a vacuum within the crank case, and sucks air and oil downwardly through the ducts 4.3

from the jacket 7, and oil cup 44 respectively thus lubricating the wrist pin 36 of said plunger 35 when the opening 49 of said wrist pin moves into alinement with the groove 48 at the base of the ducts 44.

of the plunger 35,- the air previously drawn into the crank case will be forced upwardly through ducts 44, carrying a portion of the oil therein, upwardly within the angular portions 45 of said ducts, from where a portion of such oil will be subsequently sucked downwardly throu h openings 62 to lubricate the lower piston liead 31 and a ortion also of 1 said oil will be forced against t e piston 28 to lubricate the exterior thereof, and a further portion will be forced within the openings 43 of said oil piston when said openings come into alinement with theangular upper meni-v here 45 of said oil ducts 44. Thus it will be further seen that the oil forced within the oil It will thus be seen that upon the downward movement an axial opening 49 extending therethrou h andliaving a central branch 50 leadin to the surface thereof, so that the oil a mitted through each end ofthe wrist pin when the saidopening 40 is in registry'with the 0 ening 47 and groove 48 will be conductec by way of-the opening 49 and branch 50 to the surface of said wrist pin and to the inner-pur face of the bushing 41. It will be-readily appreciated that by the above arrangement of parts, all the movableclements are at' all times during the action of the engine, thoroughly and eficiently lubricated.

As previously stated the compression chamber 2 is formed with an enlarged port 20 for the admission into said chamber of air and gas. It will of course be' understood that the conductor communicating with said port is controlled by a suitable back pressure or check valve. At a point opposite the port 20, the chamberi2 is formed in its lower portion with a similar port 51, which com- .iis

municates with a vertical passage 52" leading i into the explosion chamber 3. The passage 52 is controlled by a rotary throttle valve valve 53 is formed with a recessed opi'ning 1 58, coextensive in width with the passage 5 52. The explosion chamber 3 is provided at a point opposite the point of communication l of the passage 52 therewith, with an enlarged exhaust port 59 threaded at 60 i or connection with a suitable conductor, the latter being of course; valve controlled. T he passage 52 and the port 59 communicate with the chamber 3 at a point above the shell 55. The space between said ports and said shelf is jacketed as at 61, the jacket 6] eoiuuuuii eating with the chamber 2 through suitably arranged openings 62. In order to permit of the passage 52 being of suflicient width, the casting 1 is formed adjacent its chamber 2 with an enlarged off-set portion 63 within which said passage occurs is shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The piston 28 is formed along its upper surface with a semi-annular deflector 64 for directing the force of the explosive charge in the proper direction.

It is believed that the operation of the various details of the invention. will be readily understood from the foregoing description. '1 he operation of the oil I umping mechanism has been set forth at ength. The piston 28 not only serves the functions for which it was primarily designed, but it likewise serves as an air pump plunger to force acirculation of air from without the engine through the interior thereof. On the downward stroke of the piston cold air is drawn through the opening 10, between the pins 4, through the openings l2, into the compression chamber 2, where it acts upon said con1- pression chamber and upon the explosion chamber The air thus admitted into the compression chamber likewise acts \vilzh cooling ciiect upon. the compression head 31 of the piston 28 and upon the inner and outer surfaces of said piston in the manner previously described. The com 'ircssion.

chamber 2 is cooled by the air confined there- T he explosion chamber 3 is cooled within. by the air circulating. between the fins 4 and confined by the jacket 7. The piston 28 on its upward stroke forces the spent air through the openings {12 and the jacket 7, out of the opening 10. It will thus be seen that continuous circulation of cold air is afforded for the purposes specified.

The arrangement of the oil pump with relation to the working parts'is such that lirin of the oil, both inthe cylinder and ir. rank vase, is positively prevented. it addition to this advantage the feed is ..-.ut and. uniform. The arrangement w upression chamber with its iuarm permits of the (.ltwelopiueiu oi l'zlilXll: ienergyothorsepmz'er. 'lheuovel air coiling means poss :ses the advantage of not rx=-zpziring for its perfect open-itiou. separate pumps or fans, .leh are a prominent 'i'eaiure of the art in its presoul stage oi development, nor a multiplicity ol controlling valves. This is likewise true he oil l'eediug means.

The invention is susceptible of various modifications and the construction shown and li- ::eril;-i-d is to he regarded in the light of a preferred embodiment or example, rather than of an exclusive type.

The invention resides, not so much in the construction of the detailed elements as in the combination of the oil nmriin means and the air pumping and cooling means together with the other broad features of construction set forth.

it is to be not ed that the cylinder or barrel 19 owing to its concentric and axial relation to the cylinder and to the piston working therein, serves incidentally as a guide for said piston. and its associated parts. The arrangement of this barrel may be varied considerably from the disclosure. Various changes may likewise be made in the several other elements described, both as rcgards arrangement, and construction, Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having fully described my invention I claim:

1. A gas engine comprising cylinder, a hollow piston operating in said cylinder and dividing the same int-o compression and Gilplosion chambers, said piston having an air opening through its wa l, and a jacl surroundir said QXPlOSlOl] chamber lltt'illl" an Inunicating between said jacket and said piston openings and between jacket and said compression. chamber, sunstz'intially as described.

3. A gas engine comprising a cylinder, a hollow piston operating in said cylinder and dividing the same into a compression chamber and an ex losion chamber above said compression camber and of redueed diameter thereto, the upper portion Of $filfl compression chamber constituting a shelf, a jacket surrounding said ex losion chamber and res ting upon said shel said piston having an air opening through its wall, said jacket having an air admission opening therein, and said shelf having intercommunicating opening therethrough extending between said jacket and said compression chamber and between said jacket and said ating within said barrel to guide said cylinder piston openings, snbstantially as described.

piston in its stroke, and to force oil from said supply through said openings to said cylinder piston and said barrel, substantially as de scribed. p

5. A gas engine comprisii'ig a cylinder, a piston operating in said cylinder and dividing the same into compression. and explosion chambers, said cylinder being provided with a central pram and with openings through its wall commw nicating between said barrel and said cojmpression and explosion'chambers, an oil sup ply in connection with said wall 0 enings, and a pump piston operating wit'in said barrel and connected to said cylinder piston j.

to force oil from said su ply throngn said openings, and into said 0 iambers, substantially as described v v Intestimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES M. LEECHi "Witnesses:

STEPHEN KALIHER, JOHN A. Mona.

barrel below said chambers, 

